1. Procedure Overview
Lumbar fusion is a surgical procedure performed to permanently join two or more vertebrae in the lower back (lumbar spine). This procedure is typically recommended for conditions such as degenerative disc disease, spondylolisthesis, spinal instability, or after a failed disc replacement. The goal is to reduce pain, stabilize the spine, and prevent further degeneration of the affected area.
The procedure involves:
Removal of the damaged disc(s): If present, the damaged intervertebral disc is removed.
Bone grafting: A bone graft (either from the patient or a donor) is placed between the vertebrae to promote bone growth and fusion.
Spinal instrumentation: Metal plates, screws, or rods are used to stabilize the spine during the healing process and encourage fusion.
2. Type of Anesthesia
Lumbar fusion is performed under general anesthesia.
3. Possible Risks and Complications
Infection
Bleeding
Nerve damage or spinal cord injury
Blood clots
Non-union of the bones (failure to fuse)
Adjacent segment disease (degeneration of nearby discs over time)
Increased risk of future back problems
Anesthesia-related complications
4. Hospital Stay Duration
The typical hospital stay is 3 to 5 days, depending on the patient’s recovery and the complexity of the surgery.
5. Important Post-Operative Care
Pain management and wound care
Physical therapy to improve mobility and strength
Wearing a back brace for additional support during recovery
Avoiding bending, lifting, or twisting for several weeks
Follow-up X-rays or imaging to monitor fusion progress
Gradual return to normal activities, as advised by the surgeon