1. Surgery Overview
Glioma tumor surgery is performed to remove tumors that arise from glial cells in the brain or spinal cord. Gliomas can range from low-grade (slow-growing) to high-grade (aggressive and fast-growing) types, such as glioblastoma. The primary aim of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible while preserving neurological function. Advanced techniques like intraoperative MRI, neuronavigation, and awake craniotomy may be used for precise tumor mapping and safer removal. Complete removal may not always be possible due to the tumor’s infiltration into surrounding brain tissue.
2. Type of Anesthesia
The surgery is usually done under general anesthesia. In selected cases, especially when the tumor is near critical functional areas (such as speech or motor areas), awake craniotomy may be performed to allow real-time monitoring of the patient’s brain function during surgery.
3. Possible Risks and Complications
Bleeding
Infection
Seizures
Swelling of the brain
Neurological deficits (such as weakness, speech problems, or vision changes)
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak
Incomplete tumor removal requiring additional treatment
Need for follow-up radiation therapy or chemotherapy
4. Hospital Stay Duration
The typical hospital stay is 5 to 7 days, depending on the location and grade of the tumor, as well as the patient’s overall condition and post-operative recovery.
5. Important Post-Operative Care
Regular neurological monitoring and follow-up imaging (MRI)
Antiseizure medications and steroids to control swelling and prevent complications
Early mobilization and physical rehabilitation if needed
Avoidance of physical strain or stressful activities for several weeks
Consultation with an oncologist for possible adjuvant therapy (radiation/chemotherapy)
Long-term follow-up with the neurosurgery and oncology teams
6. Possibility of Recurrence
Recurrence is common, especially with high-grade gliomas such as glioblastoma. Even after surgery, tumor cells may remain in surrounding tissue, making long-term monitoring essential. Regular MRI scans and further treatment such as chemotherapy, radiation, or additional surgeries may be required over time.